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Leave only moonprints: Nasa’s lunar recycling ambitions

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When astronauts land on the Moon again as part of the Artemis project, they will have to build a place to live in. Nasa wants them to build as much of it they can from used materials.

When the first men landed on the Moon in 1969, sustainability was the least of their concerns. To save weight before they headed home the Apollo astronauts tossed anything they didn’t need out of the door of the lunar lander, leaving the landing sites littered with debris.
Nasa’s official tally of what the 12 Moonwalkers left behind includes 96 bags of urine, faeces and vomit, as well as boots and life support systems. The astronauts discarded three lunar rovers, assorted experiments and cameras, six flags, a family photo, a feather and two golf balls – hit “miles and miles” by Apollo 14 commander Alan Shepard. The list also includes one hundred $2 bills (£1.58) – rare enough on Earth but now arguably the most valuable Earth currency in the Universe. Don’t trade your Bitcoin in just yet, though, as the ink on the banknotes may have faded to nothing in the harsh UV rays of the Sun.
“There’s no erosion, there are no dust storms that will cover them up or hide them,” says Chris Impey, a professor of astronomy at the University of Arizona and an expert on space junk. “They are there forever.”
For historic missions like Apollo that is not really a problem. Neil Armstrong’s first footsteps on the lunar surface mark arguably one of the greatest achievements of humanity and the challenge for the US will be to preserve the landing sites in their original state – from footsteps and Moon buggies, to golf balls and excrement bags.

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International

Nigeria military kills 16 civilians in air strike ‘mistake’

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At least 16 civilians in Nigeria’s north-western Zamfara State have been killed in a military air strike, apparently after being mistaken for criminal gangs.
Residents told local media the victims were members of local vigilante groups and civilians defending themselves from armed gangs notorious for kidnapping people for ransom.
The strikes targeted militant gangs in Zurmi and Maradun areas and the state governor, Dauda Lawal, offered his condolences to the community.
The military has acknowledged conducting air strikes, which it said had dealt “a decisive blow to bandits terrorising villages in the area”.

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International

A chef’s guide to Boston’s best clam chowder

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Jeremy Sewall has cooked at eateries around the world, but home in Boston, he’s known for his clam chowder. Here are his top local bowls, from Neptune Oyster to Yankee Lobster.

New England Clam chowder – a stick-to-your-ribs cream-based clam and potato stew – is beloved all over the United States, but synonymous with the city of Boston.
Clear broth-style chowders or stews made by the New England region’s Indigenous peoples date back hundreds of years, including tribes in what is now Massachusetts. Quahogs, a type of local clam, along with other shellfish, fish and native ingredients like corn and beans were primary ingredients in early-recorded renditions of the chowder, which later incorporated traditions brought by English settlers, who swapped corn and beans for potatoes. And since 1836, chowder – or chowdah, as it’s often pronounced in Boston – has been proudly served at the city’s Union Oyster House, the oldest restaurant in continuous service in the US. Over the decades, New England-style clam chowder has become woven into the very fabric of the city’s culinary identity.
Though Boston’s food scene has become world-class and international, clam chowder is still found on menus all over town, from the city’s finest eateries to the concession stands at Fenway Park, the iconic Red Sox ballpark. But not all creamy clam chowders are made equal. To highlight Boston’s most extraordinary bowls, we spoke to Jeremy Sewall, chef and partner of Row 34 in Boston’s atmospheric Seaport.

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More school places for children with Send needs

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The need for an increase in school places for children with special educational needs and disabilities (Send) has been highlighted by a new Swindon council report.
In the past year, demand for the services has risen at a greater rate in Swindon than the national average, with particular concern expressed about the lack of provision in the south and east of the borough.
Councillors who sit on the council’s adults’ and children’s overview and scrutiny committee will learn how the borough is matching up to an increasing demand for special provision at the committee’s meeting next week.
The report has been prepared after councillors agreed a motion put forward by the Conservative shadow member for education and children, councillor Jake Chandler.
It said: “There are currently over 2,720 children with Education Health and Care Plans (EHCP) in Swindon.

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